Pasteurizing machine



yApril 9, 1935 e. c. ALs-mn -Er AI.. 359979033 1 PASTEURIZING MACHINE i Filed Aprila, 1952 5 sheets-sheen 1 5 sheetssheet 2 PASTEURIZING MACHINE G. Q. ALSTAD ET AL Filed April 2, 1952 www@ R mw n um.

April 9, 1935- G. c. ALsTAD E-r-AL 1,997,033

PASTEURI Z ING MACHINE Filed April 2. 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 Q my Patented pr. 9, 1935 UNITED STATESA PATENT OFFICE PASTEURIZING MACHINE poration of Illinois Chi- & Chicago, Ill., a cor- Application April 2, 1932, Serial No. 602,748

12 Claims.

This invention relates to pasteurizing devices and more particularly to machines for imparting keeping qualities to edible substances such as cheese and similar dairy products, although it 5 may be employed with equal advantage for other purposes.

. It contemplates more especially the provision of means for mechanically emulsifying and/or pasteurizing dairy plastics without resort to extraneous heat, thereby insuring against disintegration or casein separation to the end of accomplishing complete homogeneity incident to imparting keeping qualities thereto.

Dairy products such as cheese, butter and kindred edible plastics are customary emulsied and pasteurized by intermixing chemicals therewith and effecting the subjection thereof to elevated temperatures prior to packaging. Pasteurization tends to preclude or at least retard deterioration occasioned by bacteria infestation responsive to natural bacteria decay over an extended period of time, but the intermixture of emulsifying chemicals therewith constitutes undesirable adulterants. Fundamentally, the culty of pasteurizing cheese or other dairy products with heat is the inability to prevent disintegration of the constituents or the separation of the butter fat from the casein, thereby destroying the homogeneity thereof. It has long been the practice, therefore, of employing mechanical agitators and stirring implements during heat pasteurization to prevent disintegration, but such expedients require skilled supervision and constant regulationv not always productive of uniformity. Then, too, the incorporation of chemicals is quite essential with customary processes of pasteurization to procure homogeneity, but this is accomplished at the expense of adulteration.

As a consequence the known devices for effecting pasteurization which require the subjection of the dairy products to heat suppliedfrom some extraneous source, have not acquired perfection from both the standpoint of production costs and uniformity in the resulting product. The present invention departs entirely from known processes in that heat of pasteurization is produced incident to the processing of dairy products .to insure complete homogeneity and increased smoothness of texture responsive to the emulsifcation thereof without resort to adulterantssuch as chemicals. Moreover, edible dairy plastics are kept intact and improved in texture by the adhesive character of'the adjacent particles so that thorough emulsiflcation especially when accomplished without resort to adulterants, is productive of a decidedly superior product. l

Dairy products are especially appetizing when possessing a fine velvety consistency in that such possess a decidedly improved taste owing to the complete emulsifed condition thereof which results from processing in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. The keeping qualities and texture thereof are enhancedl even more by resort to primarily mechanical rather than thermal processing to impart an accentuated velvety homogenous consistency and keeping qualities to the natural plastic product. Improved texture and body with enhanced taste characteristics and blending possibilities have been required by re-emulsifying the substances subsequent to the subjection thereof to sterilizing temperatures. Thus, a completely emulsied product is produced without the slightest adulteration nor processing impairment in that such is effectedin continuous sequence with the steps ofv initial emulsifying and pasteurizing treatment.

One object of the present invention is the provision of means for emulsifying and pasteurlzing dairy products and eiecting the re-emulsication thereof to insure complete homogeneity and an improved product.

Another object is to provide means for continuously effecting the emulsication, psteurization and re-emulsiflcation of dairy products without resort to extraneous heat.

Still another object is the provision of means for improving dairy products by thorough mechanical rather than chemical emulsiflcation thereof.

A further object is the provision of means for more satisfactorily emulsifying and pasteurizing edible plastics by the subjection thereof toa mechanical pressure and friction reaction.l

A still further object is to provide novel mechanical means for processing edible plastics to improve the texture and taste qualities thereof.

Still a further object is the provision of a novel combination ofelements for mechanically rather than thermally processing edible substances resulting in a superior product having extended keeping qualities, improved taste, better texture and increased emulsied uniformity of the constituents. f

An additional object is producing frictional to processing cheese to a complete homogeneous edible substance possessing keeping qualities with to provide means for more complete emulsied constituents.

heat of sterilization incident Other objects and advantages will appear from the followingv description of an illustrated embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view in elevation of a device embodying features of the present invention.

Figure 2 is la plan View of the device shown in Figure 1 taken substantially along line II-II thereof, there being parts broken away to clarify the showing.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken substantially along line III-III of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a front view of the machine shown in Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a sectional view of the feeding device taken substantially along line V-V of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken substantially along line VI-VI of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a sectional view taken substantially along line VII-VII of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is an enlarged view of the discharge spout taken substantially along line VIII-VIII of Figure 3, parts thereof being broken away to clarify the showing. Y

Figure 9 is a fragmentary side view of the discharge spout shown in Figure 8.

The structure selected for illustration comprises a substantially rectangular frame I0 of any suitable construction which is elevated from the floor or other foundation by means of corner standards II riveted or otherwise joined thereto in the customary manner as commercial practice may dictate. the standards II near the base thereof to reinforce the frame structure I0 in providing a rigid and non-vibrating support for instrumentalities to be hereinafter described. In order to feed' edible 'substances along a predetermined path, a spiral screw conveyor I3 is, in this instance, journalled for rotary support in a housing I4 which is constructed to conform substantially in configuration therewith.

As shown, the pasteurizing housing I4 has a feeding conduit I5 which extends in a vertically upward direction for communication with the interior thereof to direct the substance from any suitable source of supply to the conveyor I3. In order to enable the cheese or other substance to be supplied to the feeding conduit I5, a substantially rectangular receptacle I 6 is mounted thereabove by means of standards I1 which depend to the frame I0 to effect the rigid horizontal support thereof. A suitable opening corresponding in dimensional extent and contour to the interior of the feeding conduit I5 is provided in the bottom I8 of the receptacle I6 for communication therewith so that a large volume of the cheese or other substance to be processed may conveniently and readily be supplied to the pasteurizing housing I4 for traverse and feeding along a predetermined path in a manner that will appear more clearly hereinafter.

The pasteurizing housing I4 has, in this instance, a cylindrical entrant portion I9 which extends longitudinally of the frame I0 for a termination in a frusto-conical body 20 having a cylindrical end portion 2I `serving as an auxiliary cheese treatment chamber for re-emulsication or other purposes as commercial practice may dictate or shall appear more fully hereinafter. Obviously, it is necessary or at least highly desirable to remove the initial chill from the material comprising the body of the pasteurizing housing I4 and auxiliary parts thereof so that Cross members I2 extend between the developed heat of pasteurization may be produced instantaneously responsive to the `passage of the cheese therethrough. To this end, it has been found feasible and effective to provide an external casing 22 which concentrically envelopes a part of the cylindrical housing portion I9, 20 and the end portion 2| of the pasteurizing housing I4, it being substantially larger and of corresponding configuration to define an air chamber 23 therewith. Theair chamber 23 is closed at the forward end thereof and a peripheral flange 24 slidably embraces the pasteurizing housing portion I9 for adjustable application to the housing edge 25, thereby serving as an adjustable closure or valve for the air chamber 23. Air is circulated through the chamber 23 for a purpose and controlled in a manner as will appear more fully hereinafter.

The feeding conduit I5 has, in this instance, a

power actuated substance feeder mechanism comprising a cylindrical shaft 26 which has reduced axial extensions 2'I and 28 for journalled support in horizontally aligned apertures in confronting walls of the feeding conduit I5. AS

shown, the shaft 26 is positioned more proximate to one side of the conduit Wall I5 than the other, it being substantially adjacent to the more proximate wall to serve as an eccentric rotary member. To this end a substantially rectangular blade 29 is slidably projected diametrically through the shaft 26 to correspond in dimensional area with the interior cross-section of the substance feeding conduit I5; consequently the rotation thereof will effect the traverse of the cheese or 'other substance displaced thereon from the receptacle I6. The path of the blade 29 is gov-n erned by confronting ledges 30 preferably of predetermined cycloidal configuration, these projecting from opposed walls of the conduit I5 and the blade 29 contacts therewith so that with the rotation of the shaft 26, the blade 29 will rotate therewith and simultaneously reciprocate diametrically therethrough. The blade, `29 thus serves to feed the substance along a predetermined path for processing in a manner to be hereinafter described.

The edible plastics or substances taken directly from the churn or Astorage where aging is permitted to impart a predetermined strength thereto or`in the instance of butter to effect preserved freshness under reduced temperatures, are then directed to the hopper or entrant orifice of the conduit I5 from the receptacle I6. The substance is then subjected to a physical pressure reaction which elevates the temperature for -mechanical emulsiiication and/or pasteurization. In

the present embodiment heat of pasteurization is vided with Ia conveyor, in this instance the screw `conveyor I3, which is mounted upon a shaft 3| having a segregated portion 32 thereof journalled in spaced split bearings 33 and 34 sustained upon cross plates 35 which are secured to the top of housing I4 is prothe frame I in any suitable manner.

The forshaft 3| has, in this instance, an axial bore 31 journalled on an aligned inwardly projecting stud shaft 38 which threadedly engages a central boss 39 constituting an integral portion of an end closure 40 for the open extremity 22 of the pasteurizing housing 2,0. It is to be notedthat a wheel 4I is carried by the stud shaft 38 to enable the shaft 3| to be engaged and disengaged responsive to the manipu- Ward extremity of the Ilation thereof which is responsible for the registry or removal of the stud shaft 38 with the axial shaft bore 31.

The closure 40 is provided with radially extending ribs 42 formedv integral therewith for projection beyond the periphery thereof to define extensions 43 complemental to bifurcated clamp members 44 which are pivotally connected for extension from the lateral face of the pasteurizing housing rim 2I, thereby enabling the association and disassociation of the closure 40 responsive to the adjustment of threaded stud members 45 which engage the clamps 44. In order to maintain the closure 40 in its operating position against displacement, the studs 45 are threaded for engagement with the clamps 44 to bear against the extensions 43, thereby securing the closure 40 against removal. vlt is significant to note' that the conveyor I3 has a spiral groove 48 formed therein to feed the substance therealong responsive to the rotation thereof, and it has been found advantageous to pre-condition the cheese by the subjection thereof to a densifying action during the initial traverse thereof by gradually diminishing the depth of the feeding groove 46. 'This tends to densify the dairy plastic or effects the gradual crowding thereof and effecting pressure deformation to the end of producing heat in consequence thereof, this preheating being desirable as it speeds up production and results in greater uniformity of the flnal product.

As shown, the cylindrical conveyor i3 merges into aconical rotor 41 splined or otherwise fixed to the shaft 3l for rotation therewith in proximity to the correspondingly shaped portion 2@ of the pasteurizing housing I4, thereby defining a minute constriction therebetween for the passage of the edible substance from the conveyor I3 which has the helical convolutions in the form of aI continuous spiral groove 45 in communication therewith to enable or institute the substance between the confronting surfaces 41 and 20' which are in pressure reaction through the medium of the substance confined therebetween. The extent of the constriction ,defined between the surfaces 41 and 20 may be modifled to conform with the desired emulsifying treatment or required heat of pasteurization through the medium of a lever 48 which is pivoted to'a vertical rod 49 supported by brackets 50 fixed to the frame i0 in any appropriate manner. The lever 48 has a pin 5I extending therethrough for attachment to the cylindric portion I9 of the housing I4, thereby effecting the reciprocable movement thereof axially along the screw conveyor I3. To this end, the housing I4 is provided with dif ametrically attached andy horizontally aligned edges 52 positioned both forwardly and rearwardly and these cooperate with correspondingly shaped brackets 53 serving as complements therefor to enable the slidable adjustment of the housing I4 relative to the rotor surface 51 with its conveyor I3.

The lever 48 is rendered responsive t0 a rotary hand manipulated wheel 54 which is attached the travel of arms56 of a frame attached bar 51. A spur gear 58 meshes with a pinion on the shaft 55 in the customary manner, and the former is supported by a shaft 55 having a tubular link 60 in threaded 'engagement with theextremity thereof, the link being pivotally connected to the free extremity of the lever 48. End thrust bearings I are spaced on the shaft 59-to receive bearing brackets 62 therebetween so as to avoid unnecessary friction as a result of and thrust reaction thereon. The shaft 59 rotates relative to the pivoted link 60, thereby creating comparatively small displacement of the housing i4 responsive to threaded reaction of the shaft threads 63 with the correspondingly threaded link 6I).

Rotation of the shaft 32 which imparts corresponding rotation to the shaft 3l owing to the complemental clutch elements 55 and 66 extendingI therebetween, will effect the traverse of the comminuted substance along the spiral conveyor to gradually build up and densify therealong owing to the progressive lessening depth in the conveyor convolutions 46 until reaching the entrant periphery of the rotor 41 for further displacement substantially increased compression and pressure deformation about the conically arcuate surface thereof to cooperate with the correspondingly shaped surface of the casing body or housing I4. As shown, the conical rotor portion 41 terminates in a mixing and re-emulsifying chamber defined by the cylindric housing portion 2|, and this confines a continuous spiral consisting, in this instance, of a comparatively deep convolute 61 whichprecludes separation of the substance components and in factserves to better and more uniformly combine them into a more uniform and satisfactory product. In consequence thereof, continued rotation of the conical rotor portion 41 in unison with the conveyor I3 will effect the travel of the plastic substances through the constriction defined between the reacting surfaces 41 ing i4 which are in frictional reaction through the medium of the substance therebetween for developing heat of pasteurization or at least substance emulsication responsive to the rotation of the former with respect to the latter.

The substance/s are thus subjected to a pressure reaction which in conjunction with the frictional contact of the relatively moving surfaces therewith, elevates the temperature of the moving substances to a vpoint of pasteurization of, if desired, merely suicient to aid in mechanical emulsilcation. A'lfhe degree of temperature elevation and the maintenance thereof at a predetermined magnitude may be controlled by the distance of the surface 4i with respect to the interior surface 20 of the housing I4 responsive to adjusting or manipulating the manually operated wheel 54 as conditions may require or deem advisable. During this passage of the plastic particles, heat of pasteurization is developed incidental to the rotation of the rotor surface 41 which also serves to effect movement thereof to its periphery for discharge into the agitating and re-emulsifying chamber 2iv to impart improved texture, uniformity and consistency thereto. It is thus apparent that the use of extraneous heat such as' steam or any other vapor or liquid thermal medium is entirely avoided, and the processing effected in a manner which imparts complete homogeneity to the resulting product without any possible disintegration or separation of the elements or their composition.

to a stub shaft 55 journalled in the confronting and interior 2c of the hous- Discharge of the substances from the constriction and thence the re-emulsifying chamber 2| is effected primarily by the centrifugal urge imparted thereto and effective thereon at the periphery responsive to the rotation thereof; however, any accummulation owing to the adhering character thereof, is removed by the spiral in the form of convolute 61 fixed to the drum 68. The

drum 68 is axially attached to the forward wall 69 of the rotor 41 for rotary movement therewith, thereby expelling the emulsied and/or pasteurized substance through a discharge orice 10 formed by a spout 1I which integrally extends from the closure 40 for communication with the interior of the chamber 2|, a suitable gate comprising, in this instance, a slidable closure 12 is adjustably disposed in suitable guides 13 for passage 'through the discharge spout 1| to govern the flow of the substance therethrough for placement in Aany suitable container from a spout extension 14 which has another separately controlled slide valve 15 flanged for connection to the extremity thereof.

A lever 16 is pivoted to the housing closure 40 as at 11, and a link 18 is interposed between the lever 16 and gate valve 12 so as to aiord the more convenient control and adjustment thereof. Then, too, the slide valve 15 is independently adjustable and the diminution or increase of substance passage has a substantial effect upon the temperature existent in the housing portion 41 and agitating or emulsifying chamber 2|. So

. that the temperature of the discharging substance may be known'and controlled, a thermometer 19 is suitably mounted or attached to an instrument board 80, it being in operative thermal connection to the chamber 23 of the air housing 22 to designate the temperature thereof. Similarly, a thermometer lead 8| is attached to the discharge spout 1I for communication with the interior 10 thereof so that the temperature of the issuing or pasteurized products may be known and controlled to produce the best and most effective result from the standpoint of homogeneity, emulsication and/or the keeping quality of the resulting product. The thermometer lead 8| is connected to an indicator or thermometer 82 flxed to the instrument board 80 for convenient View and examination by the attendants. Then, too, the indicator 83 is mounted thereon to register the relative position of the housing I4 with respect to the rotor or conveyor I3, thereby enabling the instant selected adjustment of the various instrumentalities for temperature maintenance within the required range for procuring the best results.

The various instrumentalities necessary for effecting the emulsification, pasteurization and processing without resort to extraneous heat are operated from a single source of Ipower, in this instance an electric motor 84 supported beneath the frame I for attachment thereto in any appropriate manner to prevent displacement. 'Ihe armature shaft 85 of the motor 84, carries a pinion 86 which meshes with a silent chain 81 to connect a sprocket 88 xed for rotation in unison with a stub shaft 89 journalled in bearings 90 and carried by the frame I0. A sprocket wheel 9| is fixed to the shaft 89 between the bearings 90 thereof to drive a chain 92 which meshes with a sprocket wheel 93 fixed to the shaft 32 to effect the rotation thereof in a counter-clockwise direction (viewed from Figure 4) In consequence thereof, corresponding movement or rotation is imparted to the conveyor I3 and the rotor surface 41 which are fixed to the shaft 3| in operative connection with the shaft 32 by virtue of the clutch 65-66 disposed therebetween. In order to simultaneously rotate the feeder blade 29 with its shaft 26 in timed relation with the conveyor I3, a shaft 94 is journalled in bearings 95 (Figure 2) fixed to the frame I0 by means of fasteners 96, the shaft 94 extending for a greater portion of the frame I0 to operate various instrumentalities as will appear more fully hereinafter. A sprocket wheel 91 is fixed to the shaft 32 to establish an operative connection therewith owing to an intervening chain 98.

As shown, the shaft 94 terminates in a sprocket 99 which meshes with the chain 98 to impart rotation of the shaft 32, occasioned by the energization of the electric motor 84. A stub shaft |00 is journalled in brackets IOI fixed to the feeder conduit I5, and sprocket wheels I 02 and |03 are fixed to the extremities thereof. The sprocket |03 is in alignment with a sprocket |04 mounted on the extremity of the feeder blade shaft 26. A chain is interposed therebetween to mesh with the sprockets |03 and |04, the sprocket |02 being operatively connected to a sprocket E06 carried by the shaft 94 through the medium of a chain |01. It will thus be apparent that the instrumentalities thus far described are motivated from a single source of energy or power, in this instance the electric motor 84. It is well known to incorporate chemical preservaties and/or avors such as pimento in dairy or other edible substances prior or during their pasteurization. To this end, a chemical and/or flavor receiving hopper |08 of standard construction and design is mounted upon a casing |09 which is supported by inclined brackets IIO adjacent to the mixing chamber 2| and above the frame I0. So that the various propelling, mixing vand even comminuting elements or devices ,II I thereof may discharge the desired elements along a conduit or pipe II2 in communication with the interior of the re-emulsifying chamber 2|, discharges of the resulting product to the entrant orice thereof and to control and regulate the volume of substance incorporated in the cheese or other processed substances to acquire the desired uniformity in the resulting product, the propelling, and mixing instrumentalities III journalled in the hopper. casing |09 is rendered operative responsive to the rotation of the conveyor I3.

In consequence thereof, a sprocket wheel I I3 is mounted on the shaft extremity 94 in alignment with a sprocket I I4 fixed to a stu'b shaft I 5 operatively geared to the conveying instrumentalities I I I journalled in the casing |09. A chain II6 extends between the sprockets I I3 and I I4 in meshing engagement therewith so as to rotate the shaft I I5 and impart rotation to the shaft carrying the propelling or feeding instrumentality III in the casing |09. As a result, the chemical or other ingredient feeding device I I I is operated responsive to the motor 84 which controls the movement of the other instrumentalities described, supra, inv

' a length |21 to effect `the proper relative speeds that are productive of the best results. i

As stated supra, l. suitable cooling medium such as air is circulated' through the chamber 23 defined by the exterior casing 22. To this end, a pipe line establishes communication therewith along the forward lower region thereof as at I I8, and a discharge passage I |9 extends from the rearward lower region for communication therewith as aty |20 to establish a circuitous path for the cooling medium. The pipe line I |'I terminates in a blower |2| which has a pipe |22in'communication with the entrantoriiice thereof. The pipe |22 connects with an air control chamber |23 which is closed on all sides except the end region |24. The discharge pipe ||9 terminates in the air control casing |23 just forwardly of the open end |24 thereof so as a support is established be-'.

tween the entrant and discharge pipes ||1 and IIS through the casing |23. A partition |25 is disposed intermediate the ends of the casing |23 to cooperate with a pivotal valve |26 mounted therein. The valve |26 is rendered responsive to which connects another valve |28 pivoted along thebottom of the chamber |23 to open or close an orifice |29 provided therein.' It will thus be apparent .that thepivotal valves |26 and |28 are of similar size and construction, and these operate in corresponding timed relation so as to open the partition |25 when the orifice |29 closes and vice versa. A rod |30 connects the valve |28 with an air responsive diaphragm |3| so as to manipulate and regulate the valves or dampers at |26 and |28 responsive to predetermined air pressures. An electric heater |32 is positioned approximate to the open end |24 of the air control chamber |23 so that the entrance or air therethrough responsive to the operation of the blower |2I will simultaneously energize the electric heating element |32 to warm the air that may pass therethrough for charging the chamber 23 around the cheese housing I4 through the conduit l I1.

An air compressor 33 is mountedon the base of the frame I0 for operation responsive to an elec" tric motor |34. An air tank or reservoir |35 is in communication with the air compressor |33 to supply air through a tube |36 (Figures l and 4) leading to a tube |31 (Figure 4) in communication with a thermo-couple |38 or other temperature responsive devices mounted on the instrument board 89. Another tube |39 is in communication with the temperature responsive device |38 and this leads to a tube |40 (Figure 4) which communicates with an air tube |4| and electric switch control |42 mounted on the frame i9. The tube |4| also has a branch |43 thereof connected to a pressure responsive diaphragm |3| (Figure 1) through the lead |34. The thermometer 8| (Figure 4); in turn, as has the lead |42 thereof connected to the lead |43 which actuates a valve in the indicator |38 to control the passage of air between the tube |31 and |39.

'I'he air compressor |34 is rendered automatically responsive to the air pressure in the reservoir |34 so that there will be a constant supply of air for the regulating and automatic control system. The indicator |38 may be regulated to render the electric switch |42 responsive thereto so as to control the operation of a motor |46 conneoted to the blower |2I, thereby rendering the operation thereof automatic to control the ow of air through the chamber 23 in effecting very sensitive regulation of the temperature to which the cheese or other substance is subjected. In

consequence, the flow of air through the chamber 23 defined by the housing I4 land the exterior casing 22, is regulated automatically to issue either cold or hot air therethrough depending on whether such is introduced through the orifice |29 or the open end |24 of the control casting |23.

' Various changes may be made in the embodiment of the invention herein specifically described without departing from or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof as defined inthe appended claims.

We claim:

l. In a device of the character described, the combination with means for feeding edible substances along a predetermined path, of means in said path for producing frictional heat of pasteurization, said path to receive the substance from said pasteurizing means, and means for directing the discharge of the edible substances from said emulsifying means.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination with means for feeding edible substances along a predetermined path, of confronting surfaces disposed in said path to receive the edible substances therebetween, said feeding means having convolutions of varying depths densifying the edible substances responsive to the feeding thereof, and means for imparting relative movement to said surfaces for effecting pasteurization incident to the passage of the subl stances therebetween.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with means for feeding edible substances along a predetermined path, of friction heat producing means in said path for effecting the pasteurization of the substances incident to its passage therethrough, means for relatively displacing said heat producing means to vary the pasteurization effect, and means for withdrawing the substances from said pasteurizing means and serving to impart increased agitation for re-emulsifying purposes.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination with means for feeding edible substances along a predetermined' path, of relatively movable surfaces defining a constriction in said path, and means for imparting movement to said surfaces for extruding the substances through said constriction incident to producing fri'ctional heat of pasteurization, and a convolute extending axially of said constriction to agitate the pasteurized substances.

' 5. In a device of the character described, the combination with rotary means for feeding edible substances along a predetermined path, of relatively movable surfaces defining a conical constriction in said path, and means for imparting relative rotary movement to said surfaces for centr-ifugally extruding the substances through said constriction incident to producing frictional heat of pasteurization, and agitating means in said path for rotation with said feeding means for imparting further agitation to the pasteurized substances.

6. In a device of the character described, the

combination with a spiral conveyor having convolutes of varying depth for feeding substances along a predetermined path, friction means defining a constriction developing heat of pasteurimechanical emulsifying means in4 emulsication and discharge of the pasteurized substances.

7. In a device of the character( described, the combination with a conveyor having convolutions of lessening depth for feeding substances along a predetermined path, complemental conically shaped members in frictional contact with the substances, means for imparting relative rotation to said members to develop heat of pasteurization, and a spiral agitator axially mounted for rotation with said conveyor to agitate the pasteurized substances for further emulsication and discharge.

8. In a device of the character described, the combination with a conveyor for feeding substances along a predetermined path, of complemental conically shaped members in frictional contact with the substances, means for imparting relative rotation to said members to develop heat of pasteurization, and a spiral extension conveyor axially mounted for rotation with one oi said members to further emulsify the pasteurized substances and effect the continued feeding thereof for discharge, and means for guiding the discharge of the substances from said extension conveyor.

9. In a device of the character described, the combination with a conveyor having convolutions of lessening depth for densifying, .pre-heating and feeding substances along a predetermined path, of complemental conically shaped members in frictional contact with the substances, means for imparting relative rotationto saidrnembers to develop heat of pasteurization, a spiral agitator axially attached to said rotor for extension therefrom. in the path of said constriction to Withdraw the substances therefrom and effect the further emulsifying'of the pasteurized sub-- stances, and an end closure for said constriction, there being a discharge orifice in said end closure disposed in the path of said agitator emulsifying means.

10. In a device of the character described, the combination with a casing, of means having convolutions of Varying depth for feeding edible substances along a predetermined path, relatively movable surfaces dening a constriction in said path, means for imparting relative movement to said surfaces for extruding the substances through said constriction incident to producing frictional heat of pasteurization, a closure associated with the discharge end of said closure for communication with said constriction, a discharge spout formed in said closure for communication with the interior of said casing, and spiral means movable with one of said surfaces to direct the pasteurized substances from said constriction to said spout for discharge.

11. In a device of the character described, the combination Withv a casing, of means for feeding edible substances along a predetermined path, relatively movable surfaces defining a constriction in said path, means for imparting relative movement to said surfaces for extruding the substances through said constriction incident to producing frictional heat of pasteurization, a closure associated With the discharge end of said closure for communication with said constriction, a discharge spout formed in said closure for communication with the interior of said casing, agitator means movable with one of said surfaces to direct the pasteurized substances from said constriction and effect the further emulsification thereof, a casing surrounding said first named casing to define a chamber therebetween, and means for directing cooling medium throu-gh said chamber.

12. In a device of the character described, the combination with a casing, of means for feeding edible substances along a predetermined path,

relativelyy movable surfaces defining a constriction in said path, means for imparting relative movement to said surfaces for extruding the substances through said constriction incident to; producing frictional heat of pasteurization, a closure associated with the discharge -end of said closure for communication with said constriction, a discharge spout formed in said closure for commu,- nication with the interior of said casing, agitator means movable -with one of said surfaces to direct the pasteurized substances from said constriction and effect the further emulsiflcation thereof, a casing surrounding said first named casing to define a chamber therebetween, and means for automatically directing 'a heating or cooling medium through said chamber to maintain the heat of pasteurization Within a predetermined range.

GEORGE C. ALs'rAD. JOHN H. BAUMGAR'INER. 

